The researchers developed the fabric using a combination of geometric design, 3D printing and robotics.
NTU researchers have used this new material, called RoboFabric, to develop an elbow support designed to help carry heavier loads.
Wrist Support Prototype
“We were inspired by how animals use complex structures to give their limbs multiple functions, such as the shape-changing and stiffness-changing abilities of octopuses,” said lead scientist Wang Yifan, assistant professor in the School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Nanyang Technological University.
“In the future, we envision patients who need a cast for a fractured bone will have the option to customize limb support that is flexible and has the feel of fabric before it hardens. Unlike traditional rigid, non-removable casts, it will be easy to put on and take off at the touch of a button.”
Ifan said joint support can also help older people with everyday tasks and reduce the muscle strength required for heavy loads.
Inspired by pangolin and armadillo scales
According to the study, the 3D printed tiles are bonded together by metal fibers that run through tiny grooves between the tiles, or by an external soft casing, which requires the continuous application of negative pressure or vacuum.
Linked to contract
As the fibers shrink, the tiles intertwine and harden, increasing RoboFabric’s stiffness by more than 350 times, providing extra strength and stability.
The study, published in Science Robotics, suggests that RoboFabric may also have applications in robotics.
Professor Wang’s team demonstrates a miniature robot made of thin corrugated tiles sealed in an elastic envelope. When a vacuum is applied, RoboFabric changes to a specified shape and becomes rigid. Conversely, when the vacuum pressure is released, it softens.
This stiffening and softening actuation allows small robots to climb like earthworms or swim underwater to carry small payloads or protect fragile assets by forming a hard shell around them. Research shows that these capabilities are critical for exploration and rescue robots that need to navigate complex terrain and provide protection when needed.
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Prabhat Ranjan Mishra Prabhat is an alumnus of the Indian Institute of Mass Communication and a technology and defence journalist. He likes writing about modern weapons and emerging technologies but also covers global politics and business. He has previously worked with reputed media houses like International Business Times (Singapore edition) and ANI.